Dr. Dragana Chernih, Professor
Course content:
The Earth as a deformable body and the reverse task of seismology in relation to the interior of the Earth - determination of the most probable overall physical models of the Earth in relation to an earthquake (equilibrium state, change of external parameters of the state and rheology during an earthquake). Overview of passive methods, that is, trial solutions of the task according to seismological data: first clarification about the propagation speeds of spatial seismic waves; type A models (zones A, B, C, D, E, F and G); B-type models; second specification for the propagation speeds of spatial seismic waves; clarifications from observations of surface seismic waves; clarifications from observations of the Earth's own oscillations - model HB1 and other models. Overview of active methods, that is, tentative solutions to the task through non-seismological research: astronomical measurements (especially of the dimensions, mass, inertial and angular moment of the Earth); geothermal, geoelectric, geomagnetic and gravimetric measurements (including solid and liquid flow measurements); astrophysical research (especially those related to the solar system); geological and laboratory investigations of walls; investigations of the propagation of mechanical waves and of other processes in various materials which, under laboratory conditions similar to those established for the Earth, give the same results as those obtained for earthquake waves; quantum-mechanical theoretical modeling of materials for the conditions determined for the interior of the Earth; seismic tomography (inversion of seismograms obtained during a nuclear or other explosion with known parameters). Detailed knowledge of the special rotation and oscillations of the Earth's core, of its structure and of the physical processes within it. Optimal and standard total Earth physics models. Comparison of knowledge with data on the Moon and other planets from the Solar System.