Dr. Nenad Novkovski, Professor
Course content:
• Elements of crystallography: crystal structure and periodic structure; Brave lattice types; node indices and crystallographic direction indices; indices of crystallographic planes; reverse lattice and some of its properties; crystal symmetry; crystallographic systems or syngonies, some specific crystal structures.
• Fundamentals of X-ray structural analysis: Laue conditions for X-ray diffraction from the crystals; Bragg's law of reflection from the atomic planes of the crystal; atomic scattering factor; structure factor of scattering; experimental methods of X-ray diffraction, electrons and neutrons from crystals.
• Interatomic interactions in solids: origin of repulsive forces; origin of attractive forces and types of relationships; Van der Waals or molecular bonding; covalent bond and covalent crystals; ionic bond and ionic crystals and the Born-Haber cycle; metallic bond and metallic crystals; hydrogen bond and other types of connections.
• Crystal lattice dynamics: oscillations of a one-dimensional monatomic lattice; oscillations on a linear grid with a base, acoustic and optical branch; quantum theory of oscillation of linear monatomic lattice and phonons.
• Thermal properties of solid bodies: classical theory of the heat capacity of solid bodies; quantum TC theory in Einstein's approximation; Debye approximation for the heat capacity of solid bodies; thermal expansion of solids; thermal conductivity of solids
• Basics of zone theory: setting the problem for the crystal; free electron affinity, approximation of quasi-free electrons; theory of bound electrons; application of the bound approximation electrons on a simple cubic lattice; electron movement in the crystal; notion of cavity; classification of the hard bodies of metals, semiconductors and insulators according to the zone theory.
• Semiconductors: zone structure of semiconductors; elementary semiconductors; semiconductor compounds; concentration of electrons and holes; electroneutrality equation; impurity semiconductors; degenerate semiconductor; electrical conductivity of semiconductors.